The gulf of mannar marine national park is a group of 21 small and breathtakingly beautiful islands, along with some adjacent coral reefs and shallow water habitats that are located in the gulf of mannar in the indian ocean. Vellore to gulf of mannar marine national park 2 ways to. Fin fishes of the gulf of mannar dakshin foundation. It is bounded to the northeast by rameswaram island, adams ramas bridge a chain of shoals, and mannar island. These islets and the coastal buffer zone is composed of beaches, estuaries, and tropical dry broadleaf forests, while the marine environments includes coral reefs, salt marshes, seaweed and sea. The reefs in gom are formed mainly around the 21 uninhabited islands situated between rameswaram and tuticorin, tamil nadu tn and the area has been declared as. The gulf of mannar marine national park is a protected area of india consisting of 21 small islands islets and adjacent coral reefs in the gulf of mannar in the indian ocean. Map showing the gulf of mannar with 21 islands the gulf of mannar has drawn attention of conservationists even before the initiation of the man and biosphere mab program by the unesco in 1971.
In the gulf of mannar one can see the globally endangered dugong, several species of dolphins and whales and endangered sea turtles. I captured this while strolling along the coastline, in the city of rameshwaram, tamil nadu located on pamban island. Tamil nadu is situated on the fqutheastern part of the indian peninsula and it has a conglomeration of different types of ecosystems rather than a particular type as in some other states of india. The majority of the ecosystem is aquatic, but there is a small portion based on land. Traditionally, the town was renowned as a centre for pearl fishing. Gulf of mannar marine national park timing, entry fee. Dugong, distribution, fishermens interview survey, palk bay, gulf of mannar gom introduction 11 the dugong dugong dugon or sea cow is the only marine mammal of the order sirenia that is found in the coastal habitats of indopacific region including india11. The gulf of mannar influences two districts, mannar and puttalam. Corals showing partial bleaching, infestati on with disease, silt smothering live corals, recently killed corals, broken corals, upturned corals, seagrass damage, filamentous algae, and thick and turf algae were found in many places around the 21 i slands in the gulf of mannar. These islands and coral reefs are in the gulf of mannar about 10 kms. Agreement between sri lanka, india and maldives concerning. Research articles impact of the tsunami of 26 december. Pdf opisthobranchs of the gulf of mannar biosphere reserve.
According to the available statistics the total population of the six coastal dsds in the gom study area amounts to 215,472. Gulf of mannar marine national park, dhanushkodi photos. It has an area of 10,500sq km and is mostly marine life. It lies 1 to 10 km away from the east coast of tamil nadu, india for 160 km. A chain of low islands and reefs known as adams bridge, also called ramsethu, which includes mannar island, separates the gulf of mannar from palk strait, which lies to the north between india and sri lanka. The gulf of mannar biosphere reserve is located on the south eastern tip of india and is near sri lanka. The gulf of mannar is known for its pearl banks of pinctada radiata and pinctada fucata for at least two thousand years. Gulf of mannar marine national park travel guide saevus.
Most of the land based ecosystem is found on the small islets littered throughout the gulf. Gulf of mannar marine national park four wheel drive india. The gulf of mannar biosphere reserve covers an area of 1,050,000 hectares on the southeast coast of india across from sri lanka. It has earned the distinction of being the first marine biosphere reserve in the south and southeast asia region. This region witnessed extensive long distance maritime activities from the early historic period. Printed from in gulf of mannar, corals take a rebirth. Of land and consisting of 21 small islands islets and adjacent coral reefs in the gulf of mannar in the indian ocean. This marine park constitutes 21 small islands, which falls under tuticorin and ramanathapuram districts. The gulf of mannar gom figure 1 is located along the southeast coast of india. The gulf of mannar gom lies on along the east coast of tamil nadu state of india between the south. Gulf of mannar biosphere reserve is located in the southeastern tip of tamil nadu extending from rameswaram in the north to kanyakumari in the south. Pdf the gulf of mannar, located in the southeast coast of india with an area of 10500 km 2 8 47 9 15 n and 78 12 79 14 e, is a major. There are some coral reefs adjacent, that belongs to this park.
Status of dugong dugong dugon in gulf of mannar and palk. The gulf of mannar, a large shallow bay is located on the southeastern tip of india and is extended till the west coast of srilanka. Check list of fishes of the gulf of mannar ecosystem. Chennai to gulf of mannar marine national park 3 ways to. Chapter 4 the importance of the natural wealth in the gulf of mannar region. In 1986, a group of 21 islets lying off the tamil nadu coast between thoothukudi and dhanushkodi were declared the gulf of mannar marine national park. This is owing to its mix of marine, intertidal and shore habitats consisting of estuaries, mudflats, mangroves, beaches etc. The gulf of mannar, best observed upon opening the full image, is a large shallow bay that is an arm of the laccadive sea in the indian ocean. The maritime bondary between sri lanka and india in the gulf of mannar shall be arcs of great circles between the following positions, in the sequence given below, defined by.
Maldives the maldives are in the centre of the laccadivechagos ridge, and consist of 23 atolls, including 1,190 coral islands and numerous sand cays, within an area of 8,920 km2. Gulf of mannar marine national park tourism beautiful. The gulf of mannar marine national park has the core area of about 560 sq. Gulf of mannar database tamil nadu forest department. Grouper fish biodiversity in gulf of mannar 93 biosphere reserve m. Pdf biodiversityconservationingulfofmannarbiosphere. The gulf of mannar and its surroundings iucn portals. The glass bottom boat can provide a beautiful view of marine life as well as the birds and other connected habitats in a nature tour to gulf of mannar marine national park which will be cherished forever.
Gulf of mannar large shallow bay lies between the southeastern tip of india and the west coast of sri lanka. The region has a distinctive socioeconomic and cultural profile shaped by its geography. Grouper fish biodiversity in gulf of mannar 93 biosphere reserve. The results showed that nearly 60% of the corals were dead. Find information on the gulf of mannar marine national park of tamil nadu. Gulf of mannar marine national park introduction the gulf of mannar marine national park is a protected area consisting of 21 small islands in the indian ocean. However, reports of coral mortality due to coral bleaching3 and coral diseases4,5 are a con. Users can get information about the flora, fauna, gulf plant and animal species, inhabitants, and other details of the biosphere reserve. It is one of the worlds richest regions from a marine biodiversity perspective. The majority in mannar district are sri lanka tamils 51%, followed by 26% muslims, and %.
Home world gk the gulf of mannar is located in the. It lies between the southeastern tip of india and the west coast of sri lanka, in the coromandel coast region a species known as dugong sea cow is found here the chain of low islands and reefs known as ramsethu, also called adams bridge, which includes mannar island, separates the gulf of mannar from palk bay, which lies to the north between india and sri lanka. It lies between the southeastern tip of india and the west coast of sri lanka, in the coromandel coast region. Gulf of mannar marine national park wildtrails recent. The gulf of mannar and its surroundings, published by iucn the oldest and largest global environmental network is a resource book written after conducting thorough research on the area. There are many dry deciduous plants and forests found on land. The gulf of mannar, in southeastern india, is known for high diversity and productivity of its reefs2.
With its rich biodiversity of about 4223 species of various flora and fauna, part of this gulf of mannar. Conservation and sustainableuse of the gulf of mannar biosphere reserves coastal biodiversity pdf. Agreement between sri lanka and india on the maritime. The gulf of mannar biosphere reserve is known for its vast coral reefs, mangroves, and lagoons. The gulf of mannar is a shallow bay, part of the laccadive sea in the indian ocean.
Coral species in other locations in the indian region including gulf of kutch, lakshadweep and andaman and nicobar islands were also mapped. Nar is a large shallow bay forming part of the laccadive sea in the indian ocean. It lies between the west coast of sri lanka and the southeastern tip of india, in the coromandel coast region. It lies between the southeastern tip of india and the west coast of sri lanka with widths between 160 and 200 km 100 to 125 mi. This very informative scientificbook is a valuable information source not. Pdf the coral reefs of gulf of mannar experienced severe degradation during 1980s and 90s primarily due to rampant mining and destructive. Gulf of mannar marine national park is known for its fort which was built by the portuguese in 1560, then taken in 1658 and rebuilt by the dutch. The gulf of mannar, the first marine biosphere reserve gommbr in the south. According to the marine conservation society it is made up of about 21 islets lying off the coast of tamil nadu. Gulf of mannar the gulf of mannar is a large shallow bay forming part of the laccadive sea in the indian ocean. The dominant species were chaetodontidae, pomacentridae, balistidae and apogonidae. Ancient and medieval ports of the gulf of mannar coast. As an important step in promoting marine biodiversity conservation in this region, dakshin has produced a field guide for the identification of local fish.
Gulf of mannar is home to 128 species that were mapped through remote sensing by nccr scientists between 2002 and 2005. The gulf is 80170 miles 275 km wide and 100 miles 160 km long. It covers the coast of tamil nadu from the island of rameswaram to kanniyakumari. The gulf of mannar lies between the coasts of india and sri lanka. Iucn sri lanka, under the mangroves for the future initiative, supported the university of ruhuna to undertake a rapid biodiversity assessment in the gulf of mannar gom and palk bay from february to march 2010, which will be used as background material for formulating a proposal to nominate the sri lankan side of the gulf of mannar as a biosphere. It lies 1 to 10 km away from the east coast of tamil nadu, south india for 160 km between thoothukudi tuticorin and dhanushkodi. The gulf of mannar can be found in the indopacific region. Gulf of mannar marine national park is located in the areas of thoothukudi and ramanathapuram districts near mandapam 150 kms away from madurai, south india. The estuaries of thamirabarani river of south india and the aruvi aru river of sri lanka drain into the gulf. With biota we can link any number of external image files or internal images to any.
Fin fishes of the gulf of mannar the gulf of mannar historically renowned for its pearl oyster banks is also one of the most biologically productive coastal waters of mainland india. After coral mining was stopped in 2005, corals in the gulf of mannar were found to be recovering from past human impacts3. The gulf of mannar is a large shallow bay forming part of the laccadive sea in the indian ocean. Dominant flora and fauna of gulf of mannar marine national park. Pliny the elder 2379 praised the pearl fishery of the gulf as most productive in the world. It has an ancient maritime history and was famous for the production of pearls, an important item in. It is the core area of the gulf of mannar biosphere reserve which includes a 10 km buffer zone around the. Gulf of mannar marine national park sri lanka tailormade. It includes 476 genera and 1182 species in 144 families and 39 orders, of which. Gulf of mannar, inlet of the indian ocean, between southeastern india and western sri lanka. Km from rameswaram to tutucorin lying within the gulf of mannar biosphere reserve covering an area of 10,500 sq. Conservation and sustainable use of gulf of mannar biosphere. The gulf of mannar is also home to a biosphere reserve that covers an area of 10,500 square kilometres of ocean, 21 islets and the adjacent coastline.
The gulf of mannar lies in the southeastern corner of india, bordered by sri lanka on the south east. The present check list was the first attempt to produce a systematic list of fishes found in the gulf of mannar ecosystem. The gulf of mannar biosphere reserve is located in southern indias gulf of mannar with a core area known as. Remnants of the historical developments attract many tourists who are interested in the history of sri lanka. It is one of the four major coral reef areas in the country with 117 corals species10. This very informative scientificbook is a valuable information source not only for the teachers. I have just modified 4 external links on gulf of mannar marine national park.
The gulf of mannar, the first marine biosphere reserve gommbr in the south and south east asia. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple faq for additional information. The gulf of mannar marine national park is a protected area of india consisting of 21 small islands and adjacent coral reefs in the gulf of mannar in the indian ocean. Status of dugong dugong dugon in gulf of mannar and palk bay. The maritime bondary between sri lanka and india in the gulf of mannar shall be arcs of great circles between the following positions, in the sequence given below, defined by latitude and longitude. Although extraction of natural pearls is considered too expensive in most parts of the world, it is still conducted in the gulf. Present study consists the survey conducted in coastal villages from dhanushkodi to kannyakumari in the gulf of. Coralkilling sponge terpios hoshinota invades the corals. The gulf of mannar biosphere reserve was the first marine biosphere reserve in southeast asia, established in 1980. The biosphere reserve comprises 21 islands with estuaries, beaches, forests of the nearshore. The park in itself constitutes part of the mannar barrier reef which extends over an area of about 560 km 2. The gulf of mannar is known to harbour over 3,600 species of flora and fauna, making it one of the richest coastal regions in asia. Pdf coral reefs of gulf of mannar, india signs of resilience. Sethusamudram canal project advisory committee documents, undated.
Gulf of mannar there was a slight r eduction in live coral cover. View of gulf of mannar from rameshwaram, tamil nadu. Gulf of mannar marine national park timings, entry fees, how to reach. Centre for marine and coastal studies, madurai centre for marine and coastal studies, madurai kamaraj university. What links here related changes upload file special pages permanent link page information wikidata item. Kumaraguru and others published scientific information on gulf of mannar a bibliography. Pdf scientific information on gulf of mannar a bibliography. The chain of low islands and reefs known as ramsethu, also called adams bridge, which includes mannar island, separates the gulf of mannar from palk bay. The gulf of mannar gom located along the south eastern tip of india falls in the indopacific realm and is one of the richest regions in the world from a marine biodiversity perspective. Agreement between sri lanka, india and maldives concerning the determination of the trijunction point between the three countries in the gulf of mannar 23, 24 and 31 july 1976. It lies 1 to 10 km away from the east coast of tamil nadu, india for 160 km between thoothukudi tuticorin and dhanushkodi.
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